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81.
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Short-chain chlorinated paraffins are industrial contaminants of great concern due to their persistent and toxic characteristics. The predicted distribution of... 相似文献
82.
Yuki Haga Motoharu Suzuki Chisato Matsumura Toshihiro Okuno Masahiro Tsurukawa Kazuo Fujimori Narayanan Kannan Roland Weber Takeshi Nakano 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2018,25(17):16446-16454
In this study, we analyzed hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) in urine of both PCB transport workers and PCB researchers. A method to monitor OH-PCB in urine was developed. Urine was solid-phase extracted with 0.1% ammonia/ methanol (v/v) and glucuronic acid/sulfate conjugates and then decomposed using β-glucuronidase/arylsulfatase. After alkaline digestion/derivatization, the concentration of OH-PCBs was determined by HRGC/HRMS-SIM. In the first sampling campaign, the worker’s OH-PCB levels increased several fold after the PCB waste transportation work, indicating exposure to PCBs. The concentration of OH-PCBs in PCB transport workers’ urine (0.55~11 μg/g creatinine (Cre)) was higher than in PCB researchers’ urine (< 0.20 μg/g Cre). However, also a slight increase of OH-PCBs was observed in the researchers doing the air sampling at PCB storage area. In the second sampling, after recommended PCB exposure reduction measures had been enacted, the worker’s PCB levels did not increase during handling of PCB equipment. This suggests that applied safety measures improved the situation. Hydroxylated trichlorobiphenyls (OH-TrCBs) were identified as a major homolog of OH-PCBs in urine. Also, hydroxylated tetrachlorobiphenyls (OH-TeCBs) to hydroxylated hexachlorobiphenyls (OH-HxCBs) were detected. For the sum of ten selected major indicators, a strong correlation to total OH-PCBs were found and these can possibly be used as non-invasive biomarkers of PCB exposure in workers managing PCB capacitors and transformer oils. We suggest that monitoring of OH-PCBs in PCB management projects could be considered a non-invasive way to detect exposure. It could also be used as a tool to assess and improve PCB management. This is highly relevant considering the fact that in the next 10 years, approx. 14 million tons of PCB waste need to be managed. Also, the selected populations could be screened to assess whether exposure at work, school, or home has taken place. 相似文献
83.
Kuzuhara Shunsuke Akimoto Yuta Shibata Kazu Oguchi Masahiro Terazono Atsushi 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(1):431-438
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Our objective was to provide the information necessary to efficiently recover metals from end-of-life lithium-ion secondary batteries by assessing... 相似文献
84.
Guangdou Qi Zhifei Pan Yasuha Sugawa Fetra J. Andriamanohiarisoamanana Takaki Yamashiro Masahiro Iwasaki Keiko Kawamoto Ikko Ihara Kazutaka Umetsu 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2018,20(3):1448-1457
The fertilizer properties of anaerobic digestate depend on the feedstock and operating conditions of digestion. In this study, the comparative fertilizer properties of mesophilic and thermophilic digestates from dairy manure were evaluated for plant nutrient contents, and special attention was paid to plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB). Two digestates contained similar plant nutrient contents, while the thermophilic digestate contained higher contents of NH4+–N. The quantity of Bacillus and Pseudomonas in the mesophilic digestate was significantly higher than in the thermophilic digestate. Furthermore, Bacillus showed siderophore production and antifungal activity (43.5–75.3%), and Pseudomonas showed siderophore and phytohormone production (4.2–75.2 µg ml?1). One phosphate solubilizing isolate was also detected in the mesophilic digestate. These results indicated that two digestates showed different fertilizer properties with respect to nutrient contents and PGPB, and digestates had the potential to increase the availability of phosphorus and iron in the soil, both to provide phytohormones to plant roots and protect plants from fungal phytopathogens. The contents of indicator bacteria and heavy metals were analyzed to determine their environmental risk, and the results showed a high reduction in indicator bacteria and lower levels of heavy metals than in other feedstocks. 相似文献
85.
Takahiro Yamaguchi Masahiro Okihashi Yoshimasa Konishi Kotaro Uchida Mai Hoang Ngoc Do 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(6):430-433
The residual levels of antibiotics in Vietnamese eggs were monitored from 2014 to 2015. A total of 111 egg packages, distributed by 11 different companies, were collected from supermarkets in Ho Chi Minh City and the levels of 28 antibiotics were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) screening method. Sixteen samples tested positive for antibiotics; a total of eight compounds (enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, sulfadimethoxine, sulfamethazine, sulfamonomethoxine, tilmicosin and trimethoprim) were detected. Enrofloxacin was detected in eight samples, with two samples exhibiting concentrations exceeding 1,000 µg kg?1. Tilmicosin was detected in three samples at a range of 49–568 µg kg?1. We observed that two of the 11 companies frequently sold antibiotic-contaminated eggs (detection rates of 56 and 60%), suggesting that a number of companies do not regulate the use of antibiotics in egg-laying hens. Our findings indicate that livestock farmers require instruction regarding antibiotic use and that continual antibiotic monitoring is essential in Vietnam. 相似文献
86.
Hisaaki Yagi Fumi Ninomiya Masahiro Funabashi Masao Kunioka 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2012,20(3):673-680
The anaerobic biodegradation rates of four different sizes of poly (lactic acid) (PLA) films (thickness 25???m) in anaerobic sludge at 55?°C were examined. The anaerobic biodegradation rates of small pieces of PLA film were slower than for large pieces of PLA film. We also examined whether PLA film could also be used as a reference material in the anaerobic biodegradation test in addition to PLA powder. The anaerobic biodegradation rate of PLA film became slower with lower activity sludge, but the rate of decrease was gradual, and the anaerobic biodegradation rate of PLA film was faster than the PLA powder (125?C250???m). The anaerobic biodegradation rate of the PLA powder (125?C250???m) reflected the plastic anaerobic biodegradation activity of the sludge more accurately than the thin PLA film (thickness 25???m). Consequently, PLA powder (125?C250???m) is more suitable than thin PLA film (thickness?<?25???m) for use as a reference material to assess the plastic anaerobic biodegradation activity of the sludge in an anaerobic biodegradation test at 55?°C. 相似文献
87.
Andriamanohiarisoamanana Fetra J. Sakamoto Yushi Yamashiro Takaki Yasui Seiichi Iwasaki Masahiro Ihara Ikko Nishida Takehiro Umetsu Kazutaka 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2017,19(3):1253-1260
Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The influence of temperature and storage time on hydrogen sulphide (H2S) emissions from two different dairy manures was investigated over four... 相似文献
88.
Koji Tokimatsu Rieko Yasuoka Masahiro Nishio Kazuhiro Ueta 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2014,16(3):723-745
This paper has developed a method for forecasting the future paths of genuine savings (GS) with and without carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions constraints. GS calculations require shadow prices, which can be endogenously determined for variables and constraints in a model. However, in case of a ‘business as usual’ model (BAU), the shadow prices required for calculating GS without constraints show theoretically zero. This research derives the shadow prices required to measure GS for the BAU case as a function of several variables available in the optimal (economically efficient) case. This function is estimated from endogenously obtained variables from a model with environmental constraints. Subsequently, this function is used to calculate shadow prices with and without CO2 constraints, which are further employed to compute future paths of GS according to two methods applied in the papers by Arrow et al. We successfully estimated GS (or GSnt; GS with changes in population and technology) under the BAU case, however, suggest that GS (or GSnt) measures depend, to a great extent, on the time span under consideration (truncation year) for wealth accounting and the accounting methods by Arrows’ papers used for its estimation. In some cases, especially according to the methodology used by Arrow’s paper in 2004 using adjusted consumption in wealth accounting, the sign of GS (or GSnt) changes from negative to positive when changes in total factor productivity are taken into consideration. These aspects should be explored before measuring (un)sustainability of a particular path based on the GS (or GSnt) indicator. 相似文献
89.
Umme Salma Zohor Mohammad Shahedur Rahman Abdul Wahab Khan Masahiro Okanami Takashi Ano 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,(S1):S2-S7
To enhance the production of lipopeptide antibiotic iturin A, nutrient contents of the culture mediums were investigated in both submerged and biofilm fermentations. As a carbon source maltose and as nitrogen source, fish protein was used. In submerged fermentation maltose uptake was found lower (12%) compared to biofilm fermentation (15%) that was associated with higher cellular growth in biofilm. However, requirement of nitrogen (fish protein) concentration was found similar in both submerged and biofilm fermentations. Production of iturin A in submerged fermentation with 12% maltose and 5% fish protein was 4450 mg/L, and in biofilm fermentation it was 5050 mg/L when 15% maltose and 5% fish protein was used. 相似文献
90.
Norio Tanaka Teruko Demise Mitsuhiro Ishii Yasumasa Shoji Masahiro Nakaoka 《Marine Biology》2011,158(4):871-882
Massive losses of eelgrass Zostera marina beds in Japan have occurred over the past 100 years. Toward their restoration, transplantation of eelgrass has been attempted
in some areas, including Tokyo Bay. This study examined population genetic structures and gene flow in eelgrass in Tokyo Bay
to establish guidelines for conducting restoration. Genotypes of a total of 360 individuals from 12 beds were determined using
five microsatellite markers. The eelgrass beds in inner bay had above-average genetic diversity. A neighbor-joining tree based
on F
ST values among beds revealed that a strong gene flow had occurred among six beds in the inner bay. Genetic assignment testing
of drifting shoots indicated that those with seeds migrate in both directions between the inner and outer bay. We suggested
that the restoration of eelgrass in the innermost part of Tokyo Bay, where natural habitats have been lost, should be conducted
using the inner bay beds. 相似文献